The Zombie Pattern: How Distressed Companies Drain Before They Fall
In December 2025, the Bank of Japan raised its policy rate from 0.50% to 0.75%. The number looks small. The implication is not. After three decades during which money cost nothing, an estimated 210,000 zombie companies in Japan are being repriced in real time. Corporate bankruptcies crossed 10,000 cases in 2025 , the highest in 12 years. A new law expected to take effect in 2026, the Early Business Revitalization Act, will allow majority-vote private restructuring — a deliberate signal that the state no longer wants every distressed firm kept alive. Korea is on the same curve, on a different timeline. The Korea Exchange has confirmed 42 KOSDAQ companies are at delisting risk this cycle , up 4 from a year ago. Eleven of them — including Samyoung E&C, Jeil M&S, COSNINE, TOBESOFT, EOFLOW and Korea United Pharm — have now received two consecutive years of auditor disclaimers. Eight more, after three years, are already past decision and in suspended liquidation. KRX has compress...