When the Seller Walks Away: Ownership Structure, Regulatory Risk, and Korea's M&A Paradox
The most startling M&A headline this week didn't come from a deal closing. It came from one collapsing — at the worst possible moment. Hanwha Aerospace submitted its final offer for Poongsan's ammunition business on April 3rd, 2026. Six days later, Poongsan's chairman declared no-deal. The estimated transaction size was approximately ₩1.5 trillion. The buyer was sole bidder. And yet the seller walked. The Governance Problem at the Heart of Korean M&A The trigger for Poongsan's divestiture wasn't strategic — it was succession. The group's third-generation heir holds US citizenship, and Korea's Defense Industry Promotion Act prohibits foreign nationals from exercising management rights in defense companies. In other words, the M&A process was launched not because the business needed a new owner, but because the existing ownership structure had become legally untenable. This distinction matters enormously. Fama and Jensen (1983) established ...